Condoleezza Rice
Rice in 2005
66th United States Secretary of State
In office January 26, 2005 – January 20, 2009
President	George W. Bush
Deputy	Richard Armitage Robert Zoellick John Negroponte
Preceded by	Colin Powell
Succeeded by	Hillary Clinton
20th United States National Security Advisor
In office January 20, 2001 – January 26, 2005
President	George W. Bush
Deputy	Stephen Hadley
Preceded by	Sandy Berger
Succeeded by	Stephen Hadley
10th Provost of Stanford University
In office 1993–1999
Preceded by	Gerald J. Lieberman
Succeeded by	John L. Hennessy
Personal details
Born	November 14, 1954 (age 65) Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
Political party	Republican (1982–present)
Other political affiliations	Democratic Party (before 1982)
Education	University of Denver (BA, PhD) University of Notre Dame (MA)
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Rice was born in Birmingham, Alabama, and grew up while the South was racially segregated. She obtained her bachelor’s degree from the University of Denver and her master’s degree in political science from the University of Notre Dame. In 1981 she received a PhD from the School of International Studies at the University of Denver.^[1][2] She worked at the State Department under the Carter administration and pursued an academic fellowship at Stanford University, where she later served as provost from 1993 to 1999. Rice served on the National Security Council as the Soviet and Eastern Europe Affairs Advisor to President George H. W. Bush during the dissolution of the Soviet Union and German reunification from 1989 to 1991. On December 17, 2000, she left her position and joined the Bush administration as National Security Advisor. In Bush’s second term, she became Secretary of State.

Following her confirmation as Secretary of State, Rice pioneered the policy of Transformational Diplomacy directed toward expanding the number of responsible democratic governments in the world and especially in the Greater Middle East. That policy faced challenges as Hamas captured a popular majority in Palestinian elections, and influential countries including Saudi Arabia and Egypt maintained authoritarian systems (with U.S. backing). While in the position, she chaired the Millennium Challenge Corporation‘s board of directors.^[3]

In March 2009, Rice returned to Stanford University as a political science professor and the Thomas and Barbara Stephenson Senior Fellow on Public Policy at the Hoover Institution.^[4][5] In September 2010, she became a faculty member of the Stanford Graduate School of Business and a director of its Global Center for Business and the Economy.^[6]

She is on the Board of Directors of Dropbox and Makena Capital Management, LLC.^[7][8][9]